Basic Concept
$A$, $B$: event:
- $P(A)$: probability that event A happens;
- $P(A \cap B)$: probability that both event A and B happen;
- $P(A \cup B)$: probability that event A or B happen (or both).
Inclusion–exclusion principle: $P(A\cup B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A\cap B)$
Mutually exclusive events: $A \cap B = \varnothing$, i.e. $P(A \cap B) = 0$.
A, B independent: A and B have no impact on each other, i.e. $P(A \cap B) = P(A) \cdot P(B)$.
$P(A’)=1-P(A)$: comlimentary